G. TABULKY
Tabulka 1: REFEREN?N? ROZMEZ? ? hCG + β (souhrn lidsk?ho choriogonadotropinu a β‑podjednotky)
V PLAZM? T?HOTN?CH
????????????????????????????????????????????
Gesta?n?
t?den |
Koncentrace hCG
(U/l) |
5. t |
217 ? 7 138 |
6. t |
158 ? 31 795 |
7. t |
3 697 ? 163 563 |
8. t |
32 065 ? 149 571 |
9. t |
63 803 ? 151 410 |
10. t |
46 509 ? 186 977 |
12. t |
27 832 ? 210 612 |
14. t |
13 950 ? 62 530 |
15. t |
12 039 ? 70 971 |
Tabulka 2: REFEREN?N? ROZMEZ? - pCO2 ?(parci?ln? tlak oxidu uhli?it?ho)
Odb?r |
V?k |
pCO2
(kPa) |
Arteri?ln? krev Kapil?rn? krev |
0 - 1t |
3,60 - 5,30 |
1t - 2m |
3,60 - 5,40 |
|
2m - 1r |
3,50 - 5,50 |
|
M????
1r - 110r |
4,80 - 6,40 |
|
?????
1r - 110r |
4,40 - 6,00 |
|
Ven?zn? krev |
1d - 110r |
5,45 - 6,78 |
Tabulka 3: REFEREN?N? ROZMEZ? - pH
Odb?r |
V?k |
pCO2
(kPa) |
Arteri?ln? krev Kapil?rn? krev |
0 - 1t |
7,200 - 7,500 |
?
1t - 1m |
7,330 - 7,490 |
|
1m - 1r |
7,340 - 7,460 |
|
1r - 110r |
7,360 - 7,440 |
|
Ven?zn? krev |
1d - 110r |
7,320 - 7,420 |
Tabulka 4: REFEREN?N? ROZMEZ? - pO2
(parci?ln? tlak kysl?ku)
Odb?r |
V?k |
pO2
(kPa) |
Arteri?ln? krev Kapil?rn? krev |
0 - 6t |
8,0 - 10,1 |
6t - 110r |
9,5 - 14,0 |
|
Ven?zn? krev |
1d - 110r |
2,7 -?? 5,3 |
Tabulka 5: REFEREN?N? ROZMEZ? - SO2?? (saturace
hemoglobinu kysl?kem)
Odb?r |
V?k |
SO2
(%) |
Arteri?ln? krev Kapil?rn? krev |
1d - 2t |
85 - 90 |
2t - 1r |
84 - 98 |
|
1r - 110r |
??
95 - 98,5 |
|
Ven?zn? krev |
1d - 110r???? |
40 - 80 (podle m?sta odb?ru) |
Tabulka 6: DOPORU?EN? N?DOROV? MARKERY
?????????????????
PRO MONITOROV?N? PR?B?HU CHOROBY A ??INNOSTI TERAPIE
N?dor - lokalizace |
Markery z?kladn?
|
Markery dopl?kov? |
tlust?
st?evo |
CEA, CA 19-9 |
|
?aludek |
CA 72-4, CEA |
|
j?cen -
horn? t?etina - doln?
t?etina |
SCCA CA 72-4, CEA |
CYFRA 21-1 |
pankreas |
CA 19-9, CEA |
|
j?tra -
hepatocelul?rn? -
cholangiocelul?rn? - metast?zy |
AFP CA 19-9 CEA |
|
ml??n?
?l?za |
CA 15-3, CEA |
TPA/TPS |
vaje?n?ky -
nemucin?zn? - mucin?zn? -
germinativn? |
CA 125, HE4 CA 19-9, CA 72-4 AFP, hCG |
TPA/TPS CEA |
cervix -
epidermoidn? -
adenokarcinomy |
SCCA, CEA |
CYFRA 21-1, CEA |
t?lo
d?lo?n? |
CA 125, HE4 |
CEA |
trofoblast |
hCG |
|
ledviny |
TPA/TPS, CEA |
NSE, TM2-PK |
mo?ov?
m?ch?? |
TPA/TPS |
CYFRA 21-1 |
prostata |
PSA, fPSA, index fPSA/PSA |
PAP |
varlata
- seminomy ?????????? - neseminomy |
NSE, TM2-PK hCG, AFP |
hCG, AFP |
karcinoid |
CgA, HIOK, NSE |
|
nadledviny
- k?ra |
17-ketosteroidy |
17-hydroxysteroidy |
feochromocytom |
jednotliv? katecholaminy
a jejich metabolity v mo?i |
VMK |
?t?tn?
?l?za - medul?rn? -
folikul?rn? - papil?rn? -
anaplastick? |
kalcitonin, CEA thyreoglobulin TPA/TPS |
NSE
|
melanom |
S100-B, NSE |
TK, melanogeny |
pl?ce
? - SCLC ???????? - NSCLC |
proGRP, NSE, CEA CYFRA 21-1, SCCA |
TPA/TPS CEA |
hlava, krk |
SCCA, CYFRA 21-1 |
CEA |
CNS -
neuroblastomy - gliomy -
astrocytomy |
NSE, CgA CEA TK |
VMK |
leuk?mie |
TK, ferritin |
|
lymfom -
hodgkinsk? -
nonhodgkinsk? |
β2-mikroglobulin,
ferritin TK, β2-mikroglobulin |
LD |
mnoho?etn? myelom |
paraproteiny (mIg), FLC, β2-mikroglobulin |
ferritin, LD |
Tabulka 7: ZV?EN? HLADINY N?DOROV?CH MARKER?
????????????????? U NEMALIGN?CH
ONEMOCN?N?
N?dorov? marker |
Nemalign? onemocn?n? |
Jin? p???ina |
ACTH |
Cushing?v
syndrom Addisonova
nemoc |
|
AFP |
jatern?
cirh?za akutn? i
chronick? hepatitida, onemocn?n? plic, ledvin, GIT |
t?hotenstv? selh?n?
ledvin onemocn?n?
jater a ?lu?ov?ch cest |
β-2-mikroglobulin |
posti?en?
ledvin, chronick? z?n?ty poruchy
imunity |
srde?n?
selh?n? |
CA 125 |
ovari?ln?
cysty z?n?ty
adnex choroby
jater, pankreatu, ?lu?n?ku v?potky |
t?hotenstv? srde?n?
selh?n? vy?et?en?
per rectum |
CA 15-3 |
jatern?
cirh?za akutn?
hepatitida posti?en?
ledvinov?ch glomerul? benign?
n?dor prsu |
onemocn?n?
jater a ?lu?ov?ch cest |
CA 19-9 |
cirh?za
jater choleliti?za,
chronick? hepatitida akutn? a
chronick? pankreatitida choroby
jater a ?lu?ov?ch cest diabetes onemocn?n? plic,
GIT |
t?hotenstv? |
CA 72-4 |
benign?
mamm?rn? n?dory choroby GIT |
vy?et?en?
per rectum |
CEA |
z?n?tliv?
choroby jater, ledviny jatern?
cirh?za pankreatitida onemocn?n?
plic, GIT benign?
n?dor prsu |
kou?en? vy?et?en?
per rectum |
CYFRA 21-1 |
urologick?
trakt myomy ovari?ln?
cysty onemocn?n?
plic, GIT |
srde?n?
selh?n? ateroskler?za |
FERRITIN |
z?n?ty
obecn? poruchy
metabolismu ?eleza |
selh?n?
ledvin |
hCG |
mola
hydatioza |
t?hotenstv? |
Chromogranin A |
poruchy
jater a ledvin |
terapie kortikoidy |
NSE |
plicn? a
jatern? onemocn?n? |
hemol?za
vzorku |
PSA |
benign?
hyperplasie z?n?ty
prostaty |
mechanick?
dr?d?n? prostaty |
S-100B |
po?kozen?
mozku zlomeniny z?n?ty |
|
SCCA |
z?n?ty plic poruchy
ledvin, jater |
vy?et?en?
per rectum |
TK |
infek?n?
procesy obecn? prolifera?n?
procesy B12
deficience |
regenera?n?
procesy spojen? s rychl?m b. r?stem srde?n?
selh?n? v?potky autoimunn?
onemocn?n? GIT |
TPA/S |
infek?n?
procesy obecn? jatern?
cirh?za pankreatitida |
regenera?n?
procesy spojen? s rychl?m b. r?stem srde?n?
selh?n? ateroskler?za v?potky autoimunn?
onemocn?n? GIT |
Tabulka 8: DIFERENCIACE BIOLOGICK?CH TEKUTIN
Pleur?ln? tekutina:
|
transud?t |
exsud?t |
LD |
- |
> ⅔ horn?ho ref. limitu v s?ru |
index LD (Pu/S) |
≤ 0,6 |
> 0,6 |
gradient albuminu (Pu-S) |
> 12 g/l |
< 12 g/l |
index bilirubinu (Pu/S) |
≤ 0,6 |
> 0,6 |
celkov? b?lkovina |
≤ 30g/l |
> 30 g/l |
index celk. b?lkoviny (Pu/S) |
≤ 0,5 |
> 0,5 |
gluk?za |
jako v plazm? |
> 1,7 |
lakt?t |
< 1,85 mmol/l |
> 1,85 |
pH |
> 7,4 |
< 7,4 |
cholesterol celkov? |
< 1,15 mmol/l |
> 1,15 mmol/l |
fibrinogen |
stopov? |
2 - 4 g/l |
Pozn.:
index triglycerid? (Pu/S) < 0,57: chylothorax velmi nepravd?podobn?,
?????????????????????????????????????????????? ????> 1,24: chylothorax velmi pravd?podobn?.
Rozli?en?
mezi exsud?tem a transud?tem nelze spolehliv? prov?st, je-li:
- po?et ery > 0,01 x 1012/l
- po?et leuko > 1 x 109/l.
Perikardi?ln? tekutina:
|
transud?t |
exsud?t |
LD |
- |
> ⅔ horn?ho refer. limitu v s?ru |
index LD (Pu/S) |
≤ 0,6 |
> 0,6 |
celkov? b?lkovina |
≤ 30g/l |
> 30 g/l |
index celk. b?lkoviny (Pu/S) |
≤ 0,5 |
> 0,5 |
gluk?za |
jako v plazm? |
> 1,7 |
lakt?t |
< 1,85 mmol/l |
> 1,85 |
pH |
> 7,4 |
< 7,4 |
cholesterol celkov? |
< 1,15 mmol/l |
> 1,15 mmol/l |
po?et leuko |
< 1000/μl |
> 1000/μl |
po?et ery |
< 1000/μl |
> 1000/μl |
Peritone?ln? tekutina (ascites):
|
transud?t |
exsud?t |
index LD (Pu/S) |
≤ 0,5 |
>> 0,5 |
celkov? b?lkovina |
≤ 25 g/l |
> 25 g/l |
index celkov? bilkoviny (Pu/S) |
≤ 0,5 |
> 0,5 |
gluk?za |
jako v plazm? |
> 1,7 |
lakt?t |
< 1,85 mmol/l |
> 1,85 |
pH |
> 7,4 |
< 7,4 |
cholesterol celkov? |
< 1,0 mmol/l |
> 2,0 mmol/l (+ malignity krom? hepatocelul?rn?ho
Ca) |
po?et leuko |
< 1000/μl |
> 0,5 x 109/l nebo (neutrofily > 0,25 x 109/l) |
Pankreatick? tekutina:
|
pankreatick?
tekutina |
s?rum/plazma |
amyl?za pankreat. |
vy??? (> 100x) |
0,22 - 0,88 μkat/l |
lip?za |
vy??? (> 100x) |
0,22 - 1,0 μkat/l |
kreatinin |
jen stopov? |
40 - 125 μmol/l |
celkov? b?lkovina |
< 15 g/l |
65 - 85 g/l |
osmolalita |
vy??? |
280 - 300 mOsm/kg |
LD |
jako v s?ru |
4 - 8340 μkat/l |
Mo?:
|
mo? |
s?rum/plazma |
kreatinin |
> 100x vy??? (4,4 - 17,6 mmol/l) |
40 - 125 μmol/l |
urea |
> 100x vy??? (100 - 385 mmol/l) |
1,7 - 12,0 mmol/l |
albumin |
stopov? |
35 - 45 g/l |
gluk?za |
stopov? (≤ 0,8 mmol/l) |
3,7 - 5,6 mmol/l |
celkov? b?lkovina |
stopov? |
65 - 82 g/l |
fosf?t |
vy??? (3,5 - 60 mmol/l) |
0,60 - 1,90 mmol/l |
Mozkom?n? mok:
|
mozkom?n?
mok |
nosn?
sekret |
gluk?za |
v?dy > 1,65 mmol/l (obecn? 60 - 70 % hodnoty
v s?ru) |
≤ 0,6 mmol/l |
drasl?k |
≤ 5 mmol/l (cca 3) |
> 10 mmol/l (cca 17) |
chloridy |
> 120 mmol/l |
< 120 mmol/l |
celkov? b?lkovina |
0,15 - 0,4 g/l |
3 - 40 g/l |
cytologie |
lymfocyty a monocyty < 6 % eosinofil? |
neutrofiln? granulocyty < 6 % eosinofil? |
beta-2-transferin |
p??tomen |
nedetekovateln? |